Chloe Prior Unit 4 Assignment 1

Cardiorespiratory - Heart and breathing

1) Increased Heart Rate

As you exercise our muscles require more oxygen.

2) Increased Breathing Rate

We need more oxygen to meet the activity, the oxygen is then delivered to our muscles, to get the oxygen we breath in the air around us. This is why we breath faster and more often.   

3) Sweat Production And Skin Reddening

We sweat when we exercise because our blood is pumped around our body increasing our temperature which rises to the surface of the skin causing our skin to redden as the water is under the surface of the skin.

4) Increased Blood Flow

 Combined with our breathing rate and heart rate. Oxygen attaches itself to the blood (haemoglobin) it is then delivered to our muscles to increase more energy for our bodies.

5) Increased build up of lactic acid in the blood
Muscles work all the time in our body when we move. To generate energy for our muscles, the muscles use carbohydrates in the presence of oxygen in our blood (aerobic metabolism). As our muscles work harder during extreme exercise the amount of oxygen that our muscles need runs low so the cells in our muscles have to turn to another process to maintain energy anaerobically and this is lactic acid.

6) Increased cardiac output to get oxygenated  blood to working muscles (due to increased heart rate and stroke volume)
Stroke volume is the ability of the body to make oxygen-rich blood available for the working muscles. This is a big factor for the performer in aerobic exercise. The stroke volume will determine the amount of blood being circulated and how much oxygen will reach the working muscles. The heart increases during training the ventricle which is two large chambers located in the heart collect blood and become thicker and stronger during training. This helps the heart to become more powerful and contract more. Cardiac output is the amount of blood the heart pumps through the circulatory system in a minute the amount of blood put out by the left ventricle of the heart in one contraction is called the stroke volume

7) Increased blood pressure - as the cardiovascular works to deliver more oxygen and glucose to the 
muscles (systolic pressure rises and diastolic pressure remains unchanged)
As the heart rate begins to increase your blood pressure increases as more oxygen is being circulated around the body allowing more blood to be pumped through the arteries as the blood pressure has increased. This is an example of a hose pipe in the garden when the tap is tuned on slightly the water sprays out lightly.

8) As the muscular activity increases, the production of carbon dioxide increases resulting in an increase in tidal volume (TV) (TV is the amount of air inhaled and exhaled with each breath)
Breathing in more deep breathes breathing out carbon dioxide. When exercising you tend to take in more deep breathes to get more oxygen around the body and breathe out carbon dioxide.




This video explains all about how the body works during exercise and the duration of oxygen flowing through the body allowing our muscles to attract more and to exhale more carbon dioxide.

 

 

 

 

This video explains what is involved in the cardiorespiratory system. The three different types of blood vessels, the heart, oxygen, movement in the muscles and  benefit of exercise.

The Short-Term Effects of Exercise on the Musculoskeletal System

 

 

1) Increased production of synovial fluid for joint lubrication and nourishment.

The Synovium produces more synovial fluid to help then movement in our body smoother. For example a door. If a door had oil on its hinges it will help open and close the door smoothly with no creeks. This is exactly like our bones when we have synovial fluid.

 

2) Increased joint range of movement due to increases in blood flow and increased muscle temperature.

When doing a warm up before exercise it pumps the blood round our body, when the blood is pumped it warms up the muscles making them more elastic for us to reach and stretch further.

when our muscles have an increased temperature it helps the muscle contracts more forcefully and relax more quickly. This way both speed and strength can be increased. Also, the probability of overstretching a muscle and causing injury is far less likely to happen because the muscle is more elastic.

 

3) Micro tears in muscle fibres, causing the muscle to rebuild itself and become slightly bigger and stronger.

By tearing your muscle slightly (a micro tear) it repairs  itself over night, healing itself it becomes bigger and stronger. So when we exercise we tear our muscles slightly then over night they repair and become stronger and bigger.

 

4) Exercise encourages new bone formation.

Diet and exercise makes the bones stronger which means it is a less risk of you developing Osteoporosis if you have a healthy diet. The smaller the holes in the bone the less risk they are more to break and bigger holes in your bones could show someone who is old.

 

5) Increased metabolic activity.

The more you exercise the more calories you burn by increasing your metabolism and lose weight quicker. This is why exercising and a healthy diet is important in your lifestyle.